Account numbers and routing codes

Introduction to account numbers and routing codes

Every payment requires accurate account information to reach its destination. Account numbers identify the specific account, while routing codes identify the bank or branch where that account is held. Together, they ensure money moves reliably through domestic and international payment networks.

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Accurate data is critical to avoiding failed or delayed payments, which create reconciliation issues and operational costs. For corporates handling thousands of transactions, validating this data at the point of entry is essential for operational efficiency and financial security.

Understanding account numbers

An account number is a unique string of digits assigned to a customer's account within a financial institution.

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In many regions, account numbers are standardized for cross-border transactions. For example, the IBAN (International Bank Account Number) is used in Europe; it combines the customer's account number with country and bank identifiers into a single standardized format for consistent processing across the SEPA area.

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Outside of the IBAN system, local account numbers are paired with specific national routing codes (e.g., Sort Codes in the UK, Transit Numbers in Canada) for domestic routing.

Understanding routing codes

Routing codes (or bank codes) identify the specific financial institution and act as the address of the bank within the broader payment system. Different regions use distinct formats:

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• United States: The ABA Routing Number (RTN), a 9-digit code, is used for domestic ACH and Fedwire transfers.
• Global/Europe: The BIC (Bank Identifier Code, also known as the SWIFT Code) is used for international transfers.
• United Kingdom: A 6-digit Sort Code is used for domestic transfers.
• India: The IFSC Code (Indian Financial System Code) uniquely identifies each branch within the domestic payment network.
• Australia/NZ: The 6-digit BSB Number is used for domestic transfers.

International routing and treasury management

When payments cross borders, systems rely on a combination of identifiers, including the IBAN/account number, BIC, and intermediary bank details. Standardization through ISO 20022 and SWIFT messaging has made these payments more reliable and traceable.

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For treasury teams managing hundreds of identifiers across jurisdictions, manually tracking this data is time-consuming and error-prone. Consistent, validated account information is vital for smoother bank connectivity, reliable audit trails, and high straight-through processing (STP) rates.

How Atlar can help with account and routing management

Atlar centralizes bank account information and connectivity across multiple banks and currencies, ensuring payment instructions always contain validated account and routing details. The platform automatically synchronizes account data from connected banks and ERPs, reducing manual input and error risk. By automating validation, Atlar helps finance teams maintain accurate payment data and ensure funds reach the correct destination seamlessly.  If you have specific questions about bank connectivity or data validation, talk to one of our experts.